Construction of walls.



PATENTED NOV. 1'7, 1903.

A. LUGINO.

CONSTRUCTION OF WALLS.

APPLIOATION FILED AUG. 26, 1901.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

N0 MODEL.

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PATENTED NOV. 17, 1903.

No. 744,374. A. LUGINO.

CONSTRUCTION OPWALLS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 26, 1901.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

no MOD'EL.

UNITED STATES I'Patented November 17, 1903.

ALBERT LUGINO, OF BERLIN-CHARLOTTENBURG, GERMANY.

CONSTRUCTION or WALLS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 744,374, dated November 17, 1903.

Application filed August 26,1901. Serial No. 73,271. (No model.)

To all whom it Wtay concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT LUGINO, a subjectof the King of Prussia,German Emperor, residing at 72 Knesebeckstrasse, Berlin-Chan lottenburg, in the German Empire, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Construction of Walls, of which the follarge covered storage-sheds, the expense of which naturally increases the cost of such Walls. The carriage of these rather heavy slabs from the store-yard to the building and the breakages and waste in cutting to size alsocause not inconsiderable costs. To these economical disadvantages must be added the difficulties in the use of the slabs, consisting mainly in the inconvenient manipulation of these usually large slabs, and in the circumstance that in the case of walls requiring a certain power of resistance the separate slabs have usually to be connected by inserted pieces of wire and the like in order to obtain a greater cohesion among them than is produced by the mortar in the joints. These defects and inconveniences-are obviated with the improved method of construction by forming the wallas a single slab at the building in the place and positionit is to occupy.

On the drawings appended hereunto, Figures l and 2 show one arrangement ofthe ap-v pliances that may be used in carrying out the said method in front view and in vertical section, while Figs. 3 and 4 and 5 show diagrammatically the use of the appliance in constructing the wall and the latter itself. Figs. 6 to 10 show modifications of the appliances.

The improved method of constructing the wall is based upon the quality of mortar and the like substances of adhering to rough uneven surfaces, as are used in practice, for instance, for plastering reeded wooden partiwalls.

Fig. 5. slab and has no joints, gradually acquires the These lattices are stretched closely beside each other in their longitudinaldirection over the whole surface the wall is to occupy and then rough plastered with mortar, concrete. or like material, hereinafter called mortar, which may be prepared with the same materials that have hitherto been used for making the slabs serving for the construction of This mortar, however, as shown by Fig. 3, has to be laid on considerably thicker than the mortar for ordinary plastering, as the layerput upon the lattice must be equal :to the thickness of the wall, exclusive of the finishing surface-plastering. When the mortar is sufficiently hardened, which will be in about six hours, the lattice'is removed, preferably by detaching it at the top and pulling it off the wall, as represented by Fig. 4, the wall beingfinally plastered, as shown by This wall, which new forms a single than a wall constructed ofseparate slabs.

The power of resistance-may-of course be further increased, if desired, in the known man- .ner by the insertion of iron bars, tubes, or

other stiffeners.

The lattice removed from the wall can be rolled up and carried to the next place of working and used over again. It is constructed so as to be easily portable while occupying little space, and its flexibility greatly facilitates its removal from the new wall. When the lattice is covered with mortar to build a new wall, the latter adheres comparatively firmly to it, and the flexibility has the great advantage that it enables the workmen to apply their whole strength to the pulling off of one or a few bars of the lattice at a time from the hardened or still moist wall. If these advantages are abandoned, the lattice orgrid may also be made rigid or inflexible, which leads to a modified form of construction. In this modification the flexible lattice is replaced by portable plates provided on one side with parallel bars or similar protuberances, which plates are joined together into a provisional wall or partition on which the wall or mortar is built up in the manner hereinbefore described, and after it is hardened the provisional partition is removed by detaching the separate plates, so that again only the wall of mortar remains standing. In making the lattice or the plates replacing the same the bars or equivalent protuberances must receive such a shape that they can easily be lifted off the new wall for instance, the curved or wedge-shaped forms shown on the drawings. Figs. 6 and 7 show such plates in front View and section; Fig. 9, the wall built against them finished with plaster, while Fig. 8 shows a wall formed on corrugated plates with the plates removed, and Fig. 10 a manner of constructing the auxiliary partition with such plates.

The use of sheet-iron plates, as represented by Figs. 6 and 7, with wedge-shaped rhomboidical projections c, has proved very satisfactory in practice. When the plate is lifted ed the hardened wall, each of the projections leaves a corresponding recess in the wall, which recesses, as can be seen from Fig. 9, collectively roughen the hardened wall, so that the plaster adheres excellently. Equally advantageous is the use of corrugated sheets leaving the recesses shown by Fig. 8. For erecting the auxiliary partitions with these plates the adjustable straight edges 6 (represented by Fig. 10) are advantageously used, which are each formed with a long slot f, while the plates have at their four corners holes 9, Fig. 6. The straight edges are pushed together till they fit between the floor and ceiling and locked together by tightening the bolts h, Fig. 10, and then fixed in any convenient way to the floor and ceiling. Screwbolts 41 are then pushed through the holes g of the plates, which bolts also pass through the slotsf in the straight edges and are tightened by means of nuts till the plates are immovable. When the wall or mortar has hardened, the screw-bolts holding the plates are successively loosened and the plates lifted off one after another by means of handles h, Fig. 7, attached to them.

Compared with the usual walls constructed of slabs the wall formed by mortar in the manner hereinbefore described possesses the important advantage that it is entirely without joints and can be formed directly in the position it is to occupy from suitable mortar.

During the construction of the mortar wall the removable lattices, grids, or plates form, with their projecting bars or their equivalents, the support for erecting a vertical wall of a certain thickness, the bars or projections carrying and supporting the mortar, which differentiates these appliances completely from the lagging or boarding used in constructing vaults or concrete ceilings as a support for the brickwork or concrete, which support has itself to be supported by scaffolding and trusses.

I claim as my invention 1. The method of constructing jointless walls consisting in first erecting in front of the place to be occupied by the wall a detachable or removable provisional partition, provided with alternate projections and recesses in superposed rows, then plastering the said partition on the face having the projections and recesses to fill the recesses and cover the projections with a stiff mortar to the thickness of the wall to be constructed, then allowing the mortar to harden and then removing the provisional partition, and leaving standing the mortar wall with recesses in its face, substantially as described.

2. The method of constructing jointless walls consisting in first erecting in front of the place to be occupied by the wall a detachable or removable provisional partition, provided with alternate projections and recesses in superposed rows, then plastering the said partition on the face having the projections and recesses to fill the recesses and cover the projections with a stiff mortar to the thickness of the wall to be constructed, allowing the mortar to harden, and after the mortar has hardened, removing the provisional partition and leaving standing the mortar wall with recesses in its face, and then plastering the uncovered mortar wall, substantially as described.

3. The method of constructing jointless walls consisting in first erecting in front of the place to be occupied by the walla detachable or removable provisional flexible partition, provided with alternate projections and recesses in superposed rows, then plastering the said partition with a stilf mortar to the thickness of the wall to be constructed, then allowing the mortar to harden and then peeling ed the provisional partition, and leaving standing the mortar wall with recesses in its face, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two witnesses.

ALBERT LUGINO.

Witnesses:

J. C. JAcoBsEN, J. O. FREEMAN. 

